Local Wisdom in Floating Seeding-Based Rice Farming in Non-Tidal Swamp Land and Its Impact on Income in Pematang Bungur Village, Ogan Ilir
Andino, Faculty of Agriculture, Agribusiness Study Program, Sriwijaya University, Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih Km. 32, Inderalaya Ogan Ilir, South Sumatra.
Eka Mulyana, Faculty of Agriculture, Agribusiness Study Program, Sriwijaya University, Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih Km. 32, Inderalaya Ogan Ilir, South Sumatra.
Indri Januarti, Faculty of Agriculture, Agribusiness Study Program, Sriwijaya University, Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih Km. 32, Inderalaya Ogan Ilir, South Sumatra.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17750737 | Page 01 to 15
Abstract
Non-tidal swamp land is a sub-optimal type of land that contributes to rice production in South Sumatra. Local wisdom is the culture of the community that is applied according to regional conditions, one of which is floating nurseries. The objectives of this study; (1) identifying local wisdom in non-tidal swamp land rice farming based on floating seeding in Pematang Bungur Village, South Pemouthan District, Ogan Ilir Regency; (2) calculating the amount of income from non-tidal swamp land rice farming based on floating seeding; and (3) analyze the influence of local wisdom on floating seeding and factors that affect the income of rice farming in non-tidal swamp land based on floating seeding. This research was carried out in November 2024 with a survey method and a simple random sample withdrawal method. Interviews, observations and filling out questionnaires were carried out to collect data. Data management was analyzed descriptively and regression analysis with a cobb douglas function. The results of the study show that there are several local wisdom that are still applied in farming management including land preparation, seed procurement, planting and post-harvest, while in the process of maintaining and managing crop yields there is no local wisdom that is still applied. It is also known that the total income of non-tidal swamp land rice farming is an average income of IDR 10,875,925/lg/year. This revenue is significantly influenced by the determinants of production costs, production output, and selling prices. Meanwhile, the variation in land area and floating seeding dummies did not significantly affect farming income.
Keywords: local wisdom, rice, income, floating seeding, non-tidal swamp land.
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ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE AND EMPLOYEE'S COMMITMENT: A STUDY OF AKWA IBOM STATE CIVIL SERVICE
Eno Kingsley Edet Ph. D, Department of Public Administration Faculty of Social Sciences University of Uyo, Uyo.
Okon, Imabong Sylvester, Department of Public Administration Faculty of Social Sciences University of Uyo, Uyo.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17721578 | Page 01 to 29
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between organisational culture and employee commitment in the Akwa Ibom State Civil Service, focusing on how cultural practices influenced service delivery, productivity, and staff efficiency. A descriptive research design was adopted, targeting 2,878 civil servants across five key ministries, and data were collected through structured questionnaires and interviews. The study applied Chi-square statistical techniques to test the hypotheses. Findings revealed that prevailing cultural traits such as bureaucratic rigidity, non-meritocratic promotions, absenteeism, and lack of accountability negatively affected employee commitment, including affective, continuance, and normative dimensions. While absenteeism and lateness were not found to have a statistically significant impact on service delivery or productivity, the results indicated a fragmented organisational culture that undermined motivation and morale. The study underscored the need for structural and cultural reforms, including merit-based promotions, performance management systems, and enhanced employee participation in decision-making. These interventions were deemed critical for fostering a committed workforce, improving productivity, and enhancing public service effectiveness in Akwa Ibom State.
Keywords: Organisational culture, employee commitment, Lateness, CIVIL service, Absenteeism, Akwa Ibom State
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Risk Factors of Urinary Tract Infections Among Women of Child Bearing Age in K-Vom, Jos South LGA, Plateau State Nigeria
Mbah Amaechi, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Federal College of Veterinary and Medical Laboratory technology, Vom, Plateau state, Nigeria.
Eze Chiamaka Emily, Department of Fisheries Technology, Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Vom, Plateau state, Nigeria.
Dr. Chukwu O.O. Chukwu, Department of Public Health Technology, Federal College of Veterinary and Medical Laboratory Technology, Vom, Plateau state, Nigeria.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17721523 | Page 01 to 14
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are defined as the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the urinary tract, causing inflammation and damage. UTIs can affect any part of the urinary tract, including the urethra, bladder, kidneys, and ureters. The urinary tract is typically sterile, and the presence of microorganisms can lead to infection. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and associated risk factors among women of childbearing age in Kvom, Jos South LGA, Plateau State. Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey involving 100 respondents. The findings revealed a high prevalence of UTIs, with 75% of respondents reporting at least one episode. Significant risk factors identified included sexual activity, underlying medical conditions, and inadequate hygiene practices. Despite a high rate of contraceptive use (80%) and adequate water intake (80%), UTIs remained prevalent. The study emphasizes the need for targeted prevention strategies, including improved hygiene education, sexual health counselling, and early intervention for individuals at high risk.
Keywords: UTI (Urinary Tract Infection), Contraceptives, Sexuality, Prevalence, Hygiene.
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Hides and skins production, marketing, consumption and utilization trends in Ethiopia- A review of literature
Teklay Asgedom Teferi Ph. D, Manufacturing Industry Development Institute (MIDI); Leather and leather Products Industry Research and Development Center (LLPIRDC), Addis Ababa, P.O. Box 5, Code 1058, Ethiopia.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17719358 | Page 01 to 54
Abstract
Over the past two decades, the hides and skins sub-sector has remained a critical component of Ethiopia’s agrarian economy and a significant source of foreign exchange. This review synthesizes trends in production, marketing, consumption, and utilization from 2003 to 2023. Despite possessing one of the largest livestock populations in Africa, the production segment has been constrained by low off-take rates, poor animal husbandry practices, and widespread pre- and post-slaughter defects that diminish quality and yield. Marketing channels have been characterized by a long, fragmented chain, dominated by informal collectors and limited value-added activities, though recent years have seen a gradual shift towards more organized systems. Consumption patterns show a steady increase in domestic demand for leather goods, driven by population growth and a burgeoning manufacturing sector. In terms of utilization, there has been a notable trend away from the export of raw and semi-processed hides and skins towards higher value-added finished leather and leather products (e.g., footwear, garments, and accessories), spurred by government policy and investment in tanneries. However, this transition faces persistent challenges, including fluctuating global prices, inadequate infrastructure, and environmental concerns related to tanning operations. The study concludes that while there is a positive trajectory towards greater value capture domestically, strategic interventions are required to enhance raw material quality, streamline the market structure, and foster sustainable and competitive leather industries to fully capitalize on the sector’s potential.
Keywords: Hides/Skins, Ethiopia, Leather Industry, Value Chain, Marketing Channels
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BUREAUCRATIC CHALLENGES AND SERVICE DELIVERY IN THE AKWA IBOM STATE CIVIL SERVICE
Okon, Imabong Sylvester, Department of Public Administration Faculty of Social Sciences University of Uyo, Uyo.
Eno Kingsley Edet Ph. D, Department of Public Administration Faculty of Social Sciences University of Uyo, Uyo.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17709725 | Page 01 to 22
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of bureaucratic challenges on service delivery efficiency in the Akwa Ibom State Civil Service. The research specifically examined how red tape, procedural delays, political interference, nepotism, corruption, and weak accountability mechanisms affected the effectiveness and responsiveness of public service operations. The study adopted a descriptive research design and relied on secondary data sources. The findings revealed that excessive bureaucratic procedures and rigid administrative structures significantly delayed the processing of files, pensions, and other essential services. Political interference and nepotism were found to weaken merit-based recruitment and promotion, thereby reducing staff morale and overall productivity. Furthermore, corruption and lack of accountability mechanisms, including the presence of ghost workers and mismanagement of public funds, impeded project implementation and eroded public confidence in the civil service. The study concluded that bureaucratic inefficiencies remained a major obstacle to effective service delivery in Akwa Ibom State. It recommended the adoption of administrative reforms, digitization of service processes, enforcement of merit-based recruitment, and implementation of accountability mechanisms such as the Integrated Payroll and Personnel Information System (IPPIS). These measures were suggested as essential strategies to enhance efficiency, transparency, and citizen satisfaction in the state’s civil service.
Keywords: Bureaucracy, Service Delivery, Corruption, Political Interference, Akwa Ibom State, Civil Service.
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ECOWAS Protocol on Free Movement of Persons, Goods, and Establishment and Implications on Regional Insecurity: Nigeria Perspective
Chijiohe Basil Onuoha, Department of Public Administration, University of Uyo, Uyo Akwa Ibom State.
Reuben Clifford Wilson, Department of Political Science, University of Uyo, Uyo Akwa Ibom State.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17709591 | Page 01 to 38
Abstract
The ECOWAS Protocol on Free Movement of Persons, Goods, and the Right of Establishment, adopted in 1979, was designed to foster regional integration by allowing the unrestricted movement of people, goods, and services across West African member states. While Nigeria benefited from increased trade, investment, and cultural exchange, the implementation of the protocol also brought about significant security and economic challenges. This study assessed the security threats associated with the ECOWAS Protocol, with a particular focus on Nigeria’s North-East region. A historical-descriptive approach was used for the study, which relied on both primary and secondary data sources. Primary data were gathered through ten key informant interviews involving government officials, security experts, and policy practitioners to gain firsthand insights into the operational realities of the ECOWAS Protocol. These interviews provided qualitative evidence regarding the security and economic impacts of regional mobility. Secondary data were obtained from official reports, peer-reviewed academic journals, ECOWAS documents, and international policy briefs, which provided crucial information on crime patterns, enforcement gaps, and trade irregularities. The findings revealed that the ECOWAS Protocol on Free Movement of Persons inadvertently facilitated human trafficking in Nigeria. Traffickers exploited weak border controls, informal crossing points, and fraudulent ECOWAS documents to move victims, particularly women and minors, through border towns such as Seme, Jibia, and Illela. Similarly, the Protocol on Free Movement of Goods facilitated the smuggling of small arms and light weapons (SALWs), often hidden within legal cargo and transported through unregulated routes, fueling violence in states like Borno, Zamfara, and Katsina. Additionally, the Right of Establishment provision was misused by smugglers who set up front companies to divert subsidized petroleum products across borders.The study recommended the implementation of a regional biometric identity verification system and the establishment of a robust intelligence-sharing framework among ECOWAS security agencies to improve border security and regional cooperation.
Keywords: ECOWAS, Free Movement Protocol, Human Trafficking, Small Arms, Smuggling, Petroleum Diversion, Border Security, Regional Cooperation.
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THE EFFECT OF ETHANOL SOLVENT AND COLD PRESS EXTRACTION ON THE YIELD, PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, AND FATTY ACID PROFILE OF OKRA (ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS L. 'AKROFU') SEED OIL
James Agbo, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Enoch Kwablah Teye, Presbyterian University, Ghana, School of Business, Department of Business, Administration and Agribusiness. P. O. Box 59, Abetifi- Kwahu, Ghana.
Lucas Latsu, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Eunice Mirekua Arthur, Presbyterian University, Ghana, School of Business, Department of Business, Administration and Agribusiness. P. O. Box 59, Abetifi- Kwahu, Ghana.
Augustina Cobbah Adams, Presbyterian University, Ghana, School of Business, Department of Business, Administration and Agribusiness. P. O. Box 59, Abetifi- Kwahu, Ghana.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17620915 | Page 01 to 15
Abstract
The search for novel and sustainable sources of edible oils has intensified due to global food security concerns. Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) seeds, often a post-harvest waste product, contain a significant amount of oil rich in unsaturated fatty acids, yet they remain underutilized. The extraction method critically influences the oil’s yield, quality, and applicability. The study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the effects of two extraction methods ethanol solvent extraction (a green alternative) and cold press extraction (a non-thermal method) on the oil yield, physicochemical properties, proximate composition, and fatty acid profile of seeds from the Ghanaian ‘Akrofu’ okra variety. Okra seeds were subjected to oil extraction using both ethanol solvent (Soxhlet apparatus) and mechanical cold pressing. The extracted oils were analyzed using standard methods for yield, free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide value (PV), saponification value (SV), iodine value (IV), acid value, refractive index, moisture, ash, crude fibre, protein, carbohydrate, and key fatty acids (oleic and linoleic). Ethanol solvent extraction yielded a significantly higher quantity of oil (5.5 mL from 504.97g seeds) compared to cold press extraction (4.3 mL). However, cold-pressed oil demonstrated superior quality markers, including significantly lower FFA (0.775% vs. 0.825%) and a more desirable refractive index. Both methods produced oils with high saponification values (133.62 – 134.89 mg KOH/g) and iodine values (101.0 – 101.5 g I₂/100g), consistent with global standards for edible oils. The oil was predominantly unsaturated, with linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) being the most abundant (48.81 – 49.54%), followed by oleic acid (an omega-9 fatty acid) at 16.59 – 16.81%. The study confirms a clear trade-off: ethanol extraction maximizes yield, while cold pressing optimizes oil quality. The exceptionally high content of nutritionally valuable unsaturated fatty acids, particularly linoleic acid, positions ‘Akrofu’ okra seed oil as a promising and viable source of high-quality edible oil with significant potential for commercialization and improving nutritional outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa.
Keywords: Okra Seed Oil, Green Extraction, Ethanol Solvent, Cold Press, Oil Quality, Linoleic Acid, Unsaturated Fatty Acids.
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The Impact of Ethnic Politics on National Identity in Post-Colonial Africa: A Critical Review of South Sudan Experience
Jacob Dut Chol Riak, Ph. D, Senior Researcher and Associate Professor. Department of Political Science, School of Social and Economic Studies Director (Dean), Institute of Japanese Studies. University of Juba. South Sudan.
Isaac Garang Elijah, Co-Founder and Administrator Citizens for Regional Integration Juba, South Sudan.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17596622 | Page 01 to 56
Abstract
This study examines the impact of ethnic politics on national identity in post-colonial South Sudan. Despite independence in 2011, South Sudan has continued to experience deep ethnic polarization, weak institutions, and recurrent conflict. The study was guided by three objectives: to assess how ethnic-based political mobilization affects national identity, to identify the key challenges posed by ethnic politics to national unity, and to propose frameworks for fostering an inclusive national identity in South Sudan. A mixed-methods research design was employed, combining both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 85 respondents and semi-structured interviews with key informants including government officials, political party leaders, civil society representatives, and university scholars. Secondary data from academic literature, policy documents, and government reports supplemented the field findings. Multi-stage sampling techniques were adopted to ensure diverse representation, while data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for quantitative responses and thematic analysis for qualitative insights. The findings indicate that ethnic-based political mobilization significantly undermines citizens’ sense of national belonging, as political leaders often prioritize ethnic constituencies over national interests. Over 80% of respondents confirmed that ethnic politics fuels political instability, encourages exclusion, and weakens trust in government institutions. Ethnic favoritism in appointments and resource allocation was identified as a major barrier to inclusivity, fostering resentment and marginalization. Furthermore, ethnic competition was found to fuel violent conflicts, erode social cohesion, and obstruct state-building efforts. Despite these challenges, the study revealed strong public support for inclusive frameworks that could strengthen national identity. Respondents emphasized inclusive governance, civic education, inter-ethnic dialogue, and multi-ethnic political party representation as viable strategies for fostering unity. The study concludes that addressing the negative impact of ethnic politics requires both structural reforms and cultural transformation. It recommends institutionalizing inclusivity in governance, promoting equitable distribution of resources, expanding civic education, and reinforcing national symbols and reconciliation initiatives as pathways to build a cohesive South Sudanese identity.
Keywords: ethnic politics, national identity, post-colonial Africa, review, South Sudan, experience
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Housing Policy and Service Delivery in Nigeria: A Study Akwa Ibom State
Etim O. Frank, Department of Public Administration, University of Uyo, Uyo Akwa Ibom State.
Bassey Isangedighi, Department of Public Administration, University of Uyo, Uyo Akwa Ibom State.
Ebong, Itoro Bassey, Department of Public Administration, University of Uyo, Uyo Akwa Ibom State.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17596450 | Page 01 to 27
Abstract
This study examined the factors influencing the implementation of housing policies and service delivery in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, with a focus on housing as a fundamental human need and a key driver of social and economic development. As urban populations grew and the demand for adequate shelter intensified, governments were tasked with designing housing policies to guide planning, funding, construction, and equitable distribution of housing resources. These policies aimed to enhance living conditions, address homelessness, and promote sustainable urban development. However, the effectiveness of these policies largely depended on their implementation, as well as the capacity and commitment of institutions to meet the needs of the population. In Akwa Ibom State, the implementation of housing policies had been hindered by bureaucratic inefficiencies, corruption, poor infrastructure planning, and the lack of essential social amenities within housing schemes. Recognizing the need for a coordinated policy framework to ensure efficient service delivery, the study employed a mixed-method approach, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques. A purposive sample of 155 respondents, selected from a total of 260 stakeholders including government officials, private sector developers, housing beneficiaries, civil society actors, and academics participated in the study. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, interviews, and documentary reviews, with the validity and reliability of the instruments ensured through expert validation and statistical methods. The findings revealed that the housing schemes within the state had supported homeownership among government workers, and public-private partnerships had played a significant role in housing estate development and the provision of quality housing. The study recommended that the state government ensure sustained and predictable investment, establish more consistent and transparent policy frameworks, and strengthen collaboration between government agencies, private developers, and other stakeholders.
Keywords: Housing policy, service delivery, public-private partnerships, housing schemes, urban development, policy implementation.
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PROCEDURE FOR RECALL OF A COUNCILLOR IN THE AREA LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL OF THE FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY, OF NIGERIA
Prof Obiaraeri, N. O., Faculty of Law, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17596312 | Page 01 to 19
Abstract
By Nigeria’s Constitutional arrangement, the Federal Capital Territory is divided into Area Councils. While the National Assembly makes laws for the Federal Capital Territory, each of the five Area Councils has a legislative Council that makes its bylaws. This paper examined the procedure for recall of a member of the legislative Council within “the Area Councils of the Federal Capital Territory Abuja under the Electoral Act, 2022 and the legality of the Regulations and Guidelines for Recall, 2024 made by INEC”. The exhaustive survey determined that no singular provision in the Regulations and Guidelines for Recall, 2024 is in conflict with or falls short of either the constitutional stipulations or electoral legislation on recall of a lawmaker. To improve on the recall process, it was recommended among other things that specific timeline should be set for conclusion of verification of petition upon its submission by constituents to the INEC Chairman.
Keywords: area, councillor, guideline, misconduct, recall, regulation.
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EFFECT OF Carica papya SEED EXTRACTS ON RED BLOOD CELLS AND PLATELETS INDICES IN PHENYLHYDRAZINE INDUCEDANAEMIA WISTAR RATS
Adesina Abraham Ayomide, Department of Hematology, Federal Medical Centre Bida.
Yakubu Abdulrahaman, Department of Hematology, School of Medical Laboratory Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto.
Yusuf Yakubu, Department of Chemical Pathology Modibbo Adama University Teaching Hospital Yola.
Paul Theophilus, Department of Hematology Federal Teaching Hospital Lokoja, Kogi State.
Ayuba Obed lyocks, Department of Hematology Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria, Kaduna State.
Khadijah Baaba Adamu, Department of Hematology Ministry of Defense, Abuja.
Maryam Mustapha Emigi, Maryam, M. M., Department of Hematology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, FCT.
Mustapha Ibrahim Sihha, Department of Hematology Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Tarauni Kano state.
Joshua Yahaya B, Yariman Bakura Specialist Hospital Gusau Zamfara State.
Aminu Hafsat, Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Usmanu Danfodiyo university teaching hospital Sokoto.
Jafaru Muhammad Bunza, Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Laboratory Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17596106 | Page 01 to 13
Abstract
The hematological condition known as anemia is typified by a decrease in red blood cells or an inadequate oxygen-binding capacity of haemoglobin molecule to transport oxygen to different tissues and satisfy physiological needs. Anaemia remains a major health burden. The healthcare system benefits greatly from the use of medicinal plants, particularly in rural areas. Carica papaya is one such plant that has a broad range of patronage. The goal of the current study was to find out how Carica papaya seeds affected the platelet and red blood cell indices in anaemic wistar rats models. In this study, thirty rats weighing 150 – 190g were split up into six groups, each with five rats. Anemia was not induced in the first group (group I) and served as normal control. Group II received phenylhydrazine40mg/kg only group III received phenylhydrazine40mg/kg and folic acid and B12treatment, group IV, V and VI were given papaya seed extracts for a14 day period at doses of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 800 mg/kg, respectively. Result of red blood cell count in folic acid+ B12 treatment group (7.14±0.22) and papaya seed extract in anaemia + 200mg/kg(7.18±0.26), anaemia + 400mg/kg (6.82±0.37) and anaemia + 800mg/kg (7.43±0.19) showed a statistically significant increase compared to untreated control group (5.66±0.26).The haemoglobin concentration as well showed a statistically significant increase from untreated anaemic group(8.70±0.40) to anaemia folic +B12 treated (13.24±0.39) anaemia + 200mg/kg(13.66±0.50), anaemia+ 400mg/kg(3.34±0.39) and anaemia + 800mg/kg (13.37±0.12). There was also an observed improvement in the haematocrit from the anaemic untreated group(24.2±1.35) compared to the anaemic +folic + B12(35.6±0.82) and anaemia+200mg/kg(37.8±1.14), anaemia+ 400mg/kg(36.6±0.82) and anaemia +800mg/kg (36.9±0.57) The MCV showed only a statistically significant decrease in anaemic + folic acid+ B12 group(51.7±0.88) compared to the negative control group (54.6±1.06) for MCH ,MCHC RDW-CV and RDW-SD there was no statistical significance across the groups. The platelet count of anaemia + folic acid + B12 (636±27), anaemia + 200 mg/kg (699±49), anaemia + 400 mg (658±50), and anaemia + 800 mg/kg (620±37) were all statistically insignificantly higher than the anaemic and untreated group (557±64) group. The MPV as well as PCT showed similar trend in the study. In this research it was concluded that papaya seed extract has an effect on red cell and platelet but little effect on their indices and shows good potential as an anti-anaemic treatment.
Keywords: Anaemia, carica papaya seeds, phenylhydrazine, red blood cells, platelets.
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From Nurturance to Dominance: Metaphorical Shifts of Kinship Terms in Digital Subcultures
Mr. Xiaofei Zhao, Qingdao Institute of Technology, Shandong Province, China.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17577513 | Page 01 to 24
Abstract
This study explores the metaphorical reappropriation of kinship terms such as “mother,” “daddy,” and “sister” within digital subcultures, including drag culture, fan communities, LGBTQ+ groups, and BDSM contexts. Drawing upon Lakoff and Johnson’s conceptual metaphor theory, Bucholtz and Hall’s sociolinguistic identity construction framework, and Butler’s performativity theory, the research examines how familial terms undergo semantic shifts to signify authority, intimacy, dominance, and community solidarity. Specifically, “mother” transitions from traditional nurturing roles to symbolize charismatic leadership and authoritative mentorship. Similarly, “daddy” is recontextualized in BDSM and fan cultures to represent consensual dominance, sexual charisma, and ironic subversion of patriarchal norms, as illustrated by the term “zaddy.” Cross-cultural comparisons with Chinese fandom’s usage of “mother-fan” and “daddy-type idol” further highlight localized expressions of emotional care and protective authority, reflecting culturally specific values of collectivism and affective bonding. Ultimately, this paper argues that such linguistic innovations serve as performative acts, strategically negotiating and subverting traditional understandings of gender, sexuality, power, and kinship, thereby contributing significantly to identity politics and community-building within contemporary digital spaces.
Keywords: kinship terms, conceptual metaphor, digital subcultures, meaning shift
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Government Policy Measures and Environmental Sustainability in Nigeria. An Assessment of National Climate Change Policy and Response Strategy.
Ebong, Itoro Bassey Ph. D, Department of Public Administration University of Uyo, Uyo Akwa Ibom State.
Inyang, Aniedi Ene, Department of Political Science, University of Uyo, Uyo Akwa Ibom State.
Sampson, Obot Cosmas, Department of Public Administration University of Uyo, Uyo Akwa Ibom State.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17534908 | Page 01 to 29
Abstract
Environmental sustainability has become a global priority, prompting successive administrations in both developed and developing countries to prioritize climate preservation and ecosystem protection. Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 13 are some of the international measures aimed at addressing issues relating to climate change. Nigeria, as a major economy not only in Africa but global had also made efforts towards addressing climate change. At the federal and state levels, several initiatives have been implemented to address climate challenges posed by industrial activities and other human interventions, with the National Climate Change Policy and Response Strategy serving in facilitating environmental sustainability and checkmating climate change. There is, however, a doubt about effectiveness of this measure as so many Nigerians felt the negative effect of climate change. This study examined the effectiveness of Nigeria’s climate change policy in addressing environmental challenges. Specifically, it focused on the National Climate Change Policy and Response Strategy, initially introduced in 2012 and updated in 2021, aimed at mitigating climate-related issues. To achieve the study objective, the researchers employed a qualitative research design using document analysis as the primary data collection method, with thematic analysis applied to identify achievements and gaps. Findings revealed that while the policy contributed to the creation of climate governance structures, heightened awareness of climate risks, and integration of climate considerations into national planning, its overall impact was constrained by implementation challenges. The study proposed that effective climate governance in Nigeria requires stronger policy execution, enhanced inter-agency coordination, and increased investment in climate adaptation and mitigation strategies.
Keywords: Environmental governance, climate change policy, National Climate Change Policy and Response Strategy, environmental protection, policy assessment, climate adaptation, sustainability.
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Security Agencies and Election Management in Nigeria: A Study Of 2019 General Election in Akwa Ibom State
Chijioke Basil Onuoha, Faculty of Social Science University of Uyo, Uyo Akwa Ibom State.
Udoh Godwin Aniedi, Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Social Science University of Uyo, Uyo Akwa Ibom State.
Umachi Eze Victor, Abia State College of Education (Technical) Department of Political Science, School of Arts and Social Science.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17534796 | Page 01 to 18
Abstract
This study examined the nexus between election security and democratic consolidation in Nigeria through a documentary, descriptive analysis of the 2019 Akwa Ibom State gubernatorial election. Grounded in the view that security underpins human development and democratic legitimacy, the research reviewed secondary sources INEC documents, observer reports, scholarly articles, and policy texts to assess how security institutions shape electoral credibility across the pre-election, election-day, and post-election phases. Findings show that while security agencies are constitutionally central to protecting voters, officials, materials, and procedures, multiple constraints undermined their effectiveness in 2019: ambiguous legal and operational mandates between agencies and the EMB; underfunding and uneven resource deployment; weak, slow, or fragmented inter-agency communication; outdated information and intelligence systems; political interference that compromised neutrality; skills gaps in de-escalation, crowd management, and cyber-related risks; inconsistent enforcement of electoral laws; limited coordination; and low transparency and accountability. These deficits enabled practices intimidation, vote-buying, and targeted violence that erode voter confidence and blunt democratic consolidation. The study concludes that credible elections in Nigeria depend not only on the presence of security personnel but on their professionalism, impartiality, and integration into a coherent, adequately financed, intelligence-led security architecture coordinated with INEC. It recommends clarifying legal roles and accountability lines; increasing timely, ring-fenced funding; modernizing communications and intelligence systems; instituting joint operations planning and exercises; expanding targeted training (rights-based policing, de-escalation, chain-of-custody, cyber hygiene); insulating deployments from partisanship; and strengthening transparent monitoring and after-action reviews. Implemented together, these measures can reduce electoral violence, improve public trust, and advance Nigeria’s democratic consolidation.
Keywords: Election Security, Democratic Consolidation, INEC, Nigeria Police Force, Structural Functionalism, Electoral Violence, Political Interference, Security Agencies, Governance.
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Environmental sustainability thinking 101: The environmental pollution production problem, global warming and dwarf green markets since 2012: Pointing out the energy future we need to construct and the one we need to avoid
Lucio Muñoz, Independent qualitative comparative researcher / consultant, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17534676 | Page 01 to 24
Abstract
The road towards 2012 Rio + 20 was a road that was supposed to lead to the energy future we needed to build, a future towards a pollutionless world, but instead it led to a future we should have avoided, a future under ongoing dwarf green market failures. Perhaps this route was possible or it was allowed to go unchallenged because of green market paradigm shift knowledge gaps created when you shift from fully dirty economies to a fully clean economy, which hides possible transitions tools available and it makes more attractive, specially politically, to use no transition development tools; and by doing this we give a blessing of permanency to the market failures we are supposed to be trying to fix. Among the goals of this paper are: i) to show analytically and graphically, using the critical anthropocentric environmental problem-solving impossibility zone theory, how and why dwarf green market tools and thinking cannot be expected to fix the pollution production problem linked to traditional market thinking as pollution production continue to take place in the permanent environmental market failure under which they work; and ii) And then use this framework to point out the energy future we need to construct and the one we need to avoid.
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NEXUS OF FAITH AND REASON: EXPLORING THE INTERPLAY OF EXISTENTIALISM AND THE CHRISTIAN FAITH
Clement O. Oyelakin, Ph. D, The Nigerian Baptist Theological Seminary, PM.B. 4008, Ogbomoso.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17531401 | Page 01 to 16
Abstract
People across various disciplines of human inquiry have been critical of the intricate nexus of faith and reason over the years. Usually, intense debates and controversies arise as humans tend to determine which concept qualifies as the final arbiter in answering life’s most compelling questions. Existentialism as a philosophical ideology emphasizes individual existence, freedom and choice as formidable prerequisites for meaningful living. The Christian faith, on the other hand, anchors meaningful existence on a genuine relationship with God through faith in Jesus Christ. By isolating existentialism as a philosophical ideology that shares significant affinities and differences with the basic tenets of the Christian faith, the paper aims to explore the congruity and points of divergence between the two concepts. The paper posits that while contradictory principles of existentialism should trigger a concern among Christians, its compatible and relevant teachings with the Christian tenets on human existence should be embraced and imbibed.
Keywords: Christian Faith, Reason, Existentialism.
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EXPLORING TRIALS THROUGH DIVINE PERSPECTIVE IN 1 PETER 1:6-7 AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR CHRISTIAN LIVING
Olumide S. Olanrewaju, Nigerian Baptist Theological Seminary, Ogbomoso.
Abel A. Alamu, Ph. D, Nigerian Baptist Theological Seminary, Ogbomoso.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17531072 | Page 01 to 15
Abstract
Suffering is a perplexing reality which shows human vulnerability and complexity. This reality is reflected in the effects of suffering and how various observers have appropriated it in human history. One significant approach, especially by Christians to suffering, is using a divine perspective to appropriate it. In this regard, 1 Peter 1:6-7 offers this divine perspective, which reveals God’s transformative purposes in adversity. This paper analyses the Petrine text to reflect its crucial first-century message on contemporary twenty-first-century struggles. The study shows that God uses painful experiences (suffering) as a sacred refinement process rather than a meaningless hardship. The paper focuses on the ironic command to “rejoice while in grief”, a decidedly Christian approach to trials that acknowledges pain while affirming hope; the metallurgical metaphor of faith as “gold refined by fire”, which establishes suffering as a divine purification process with eternal significance; and the eschatological framework, which shows how present trials prepare believers for Christ’s return. The Greek terms δοκίμιον (proven genuineness) and πολυτιμότερον χρυσίου (more precious than gold) demonstrate the theological weight in Peter’s argument. The paper offers practical help to Christians and seekers facing contemporary adversity to recognise God’s sovereignty and purpose in suffering while they try to alleviate it. This recommendation neither minimises pain nor doubts God’s good purposes but instead sees suffering as a sacred pathway to spiritual maturity and future glory.
Keywords: suffering, refinement, trials, maturity.
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Bangladesh's Leadership in BIMSTEC: Strategic Pathways to IndoPacific Diplomacy
Md. Shihab Uddin, Centre for Local Governance Discourse – CLGD, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Anika Tabassum, IFIC Bank, Bangladesh.
Md. Zaki Faisal, Aspire to Innovate (a2i) Programme, ICT Division, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/17530874 | Page 01 to 21
Abstract
By taking the leadership in the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC), Bangladesh is at a crucial moment in its regional and global diplomatic history. As the organization increasingly adapts to the emerging Indo-Pacific strategic order, Bangladesh’s two-year term presents both opportunities and challenges for advancing its national interests as well as fostering regional stability. This paper explores how Bangladesh could leverage its leadership capacity within BIMSTEC to enhance its diplomatic action and build strategic pathways toward the broader Indo-Pacific region. Employing a qualitative approach and drawing on an extensive secondary literature review, including the official websites of BIMSTEC and Bangladesh, policy papers, regional cooperation discourses, and newspapers, this article examines Bangladesh’s leadership across three interrelated aspects: regional governance, strategic diplomacy, and economic connectivity. This article argues that Bangladesh’s leadership will play an active role by focusing on shared growth, maritime security, and sustainable development in adherence with the tenets of a Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP). In addition, the study demonstrates how Bangladesh’s “Bay of Bengal diplomacy” complements its Indo-Pacific Outlook (IPO) and diversification of friendship beyond traditional powers. However, the study also proceeds structural limitations—institutional weaknesses within BIMSTEC, overlapping regional designs, and great-power rivalry—that may limit Bangladesh’s potential. However, the article concludes with a remark that Bangladesh’s BIMSTEC leadership offers a strategic window to project normative leadership, promote regional cohesion, and assert its voice in shaping an equitable Indo-Pacific order.
Keywords: Bangladesh, BIMSTEC, strategy, Indo-Pacific diplomacy, regional leadership, FOIP.
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For articles published under a Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license, any part of the article may be reused for any purpose, including commercial use, provided that the original MSIP article is clearly cited.
