Computational Modeling of Climate Change with Temperature, Rainfall and Carbon Interactions Using Euler’s Method
Abraham Osogo Nyakebogo, Department of Mathematics and Actuarial Science, Kisii University, P.O. Box 408-40200, Kisii, Kenya.
Omariba Geofrey Ong’era, Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Juja, Kenya.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/21027189 | Page 01 to 20
Abstract
Climate change remains a major global challenge due to its complex interactions involving temperature variability, rainfall fluctuations, and increasing carbon emissions. Understanding these interactions is essential for predicting climate behavior and developing effective mitigation strategies. This study presents a computational model for climate change incorporating temperature–rainfall–carbon interactions using Euler’s method. The model is formulated as a system of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations describing the dynamic relationships among temperature variation, rainfall distribution, and atmospheric carbon concentration. Euler’s numerical method is employed to obtain approximate solutions of the governing equations and simulate the temporal evolution of the climate system under varying parameter conditions. The model is implemented in MATLAB, and the results are presented graphically to illustrate the influence of carbon emissions and weather interactions on climate dynamics. Numerical simulations are used to analyze the effects of key model parameters on system behavior and stability. The results show that variations in carbon concentration significantly influence temperature and rainfall patterns, while the interactions among the climate variables affect the long-term evolution of the system. The study demonstrates that Euler’s method provides an effective computational tool for simulating nonlinear climate dynamics and that mathematical modeling offers a useful framework for understanding climate change processes. The proposed model provides potential applications in climate prediction, environmental planning, and further research in climate dynamics.
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Social Investment in Nigeria: Law, Institutional Accountability and the Limits of Developmental Impact
Fidelis Odumu, Ph. D, Department of Political Science, Federal University Lafia.
Professor Hadiza Hamma, Dean of Law, Prime University Abuja.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/20997713 | Page 01 to 23
Abstract
Over the past two decades, Nigeria has elevated social investment to a central pillar of its development strategy, committing substantial public resources to poverty reduction, human capital formation and social protection. Despite the scale and visibility of initiatives such as the National Social Investment Programme (NSIP), poverty incidence, inequality and vulnerability remain persistently high. This paper interrogates the paradox of expansive social investment with limited developmental returns. Drawing on capability theory, institutional economics, political economy perspectives and law-and-development analysis, the study argues that Nigeria’s social investment outcomes are constrained not only by weak policy design but also by gaps in legal accountability, institutional coordination, statutory enforcement, rights-based participation, transparent governance and policy learning. Using a qualitative, desk-based analytical approach grounded in official data, legal materials and global development scholarship, the paper demonstrates that scale without legally supported systems produces visibility rather than impact. The paper concludes that for social investment to become transformative rather than performative, Nigeria must embed social programmes within strong institutions, evidence-based design, enforceable accountability mechanisms, rights-sensitive implementation and long-term policy coherence.
Keywords: Social investment; Governance; Law and development; Constitutional accountability; Nigeria; Public policy
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PROPHETIC INDICTMENT AGAINST STRUCTURAL CORRUPTION: INTERTEXTUAL LESSONS FROM JUDGES AND PAUL FOR THE NIGERIAN CHURCH
Idanwojo Vincent Thankgod, Department of Christian Studies and Religious Communications University of Abuja, Nigeria.
Andy-Philip Nesta, Ph. D, Department of Christian Studies and Religious Communications University of Abuja, Nigeria.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/uploads/20996412 | Page 01 to 19
Abstract
This paper develops a practical theological framework for confronting systemic political corruption in contemporary Nigeria. While corruption studies typically approach the crisis through political or economic lenses, this study addresses a critical gap by constructing a theological account of state failure and ecclesial complicity. Using dual-horizon canonical exegesis, it creates a conversation between the Book of Judges’ diagnosis of institutional collapse and Paul’s apocalyptic understanding of justification (dikaiosyne Theou) as God’s structural rectification of oppressive systems. Integrating the practical theology frameworks of Osmer (2008) and Swinton and Mowat (2016), alongside Andy-Philip’s (2018) indigenous Nigerian scholarship, the paper argues that true justification demands active ethical participation and creates a community that visibly embodies justice. The paper contributes to African public theology by demonstrating how canonical exegesis can generate practical, contextually appropriate responses to corruption. It concludes with a practical roadmap for the West African church to move from political apathy into prophetic witness through structural transparency, communal accountability, and cruciform character formation.
Keywords: systemic corruption, prophetic indictment, practical theology, canonical exegesis, Book of Judges, Pauline justification, Nigerian democracy
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DOCTOR-NURSE CONFLICTS AND THE WELL-BEING OF PATIENTS IN SELECTED PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
Dr. Edime YUNUSA, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Prince Abubakar Audu University, Anyigba, Kogi State – Nigeria.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/20770185 | Page 01 to 210
Abstract
Doctor-nurse conflict remains a persistent challenge in public hospitals, threatening healthcare quality, patient outcomes, and the effectiveness of healthcare delivery. This study examined doctor-nurse conflict and its implications for patients’ well-being in selected public hospitals in Kogi State, Nigeria. Specifically, it assessed the prevalence and dynamics of such conflicts, identified their major causes, examined their effects on patients’ well-being, and analyzed strategies for conflict reduction. The study was anchored on Social Conflict Theory, Functionalist Theory, and Symbolic Interactionist Theory. A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was adopted. Using quota sampling, respondents were selected from a population of 444 healthcare workers across 59 public hospitals in Kogi State. Data were collected through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Reliability testing using Cronbach alpha yielded coefficients ranging from 0.71 to 0.91, confirming instrument reliability. Hypotheses were tested using Multiple Linear Regression. Findings revealed that doctor-nurse conflict is prevalent in public hospitals, the respondents acknowledged the existence of no cordial professional relationships, which were generally weak. Major sources of conflict included lack of mutual respect, wage disparities, the quest for professional recognition, and disagreements over treatment approaches. The study further established that doctor-nurse conflict significantly affects patients’ well-being, with the regression model explaining 52.4% of the variance in patient outcomes (R² = .524). Conflict level was the strongest predictor (β = .386), followed by anxiety/depression (β = .298) and stress/trauma (β = .276), with all variables showing significant relationships (p < .001). The study concluded that doctor-nurse conflict has serious implications for patient care, healthcare policy, and practice. It recommended, among others effective conflict resolution mechanisms, improved communication and collaboration, recognition of both professions’ contributions, and clear communication protocols to reduce disagreements and enhance healthcare delivery.
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IDENTIFYING KEY FACTORS OF MICROLOAN DEFAULTS IN PNG USING PREDICTIVE MODELLING TECHNIQUES
Francis Abei, School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea.
Meysam Khoshnava, School of Architecture and Construction Management, Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea.
Jeffrey Ambelye, School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea.
Mohsen Aghaeiboorkheili, School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/20553684 | Page 01 to 16
Abstract
One of the key issues faced by financial institutions in regards to their clients, is the problem of loan defaults by their clients, and this greatly affects the sustainability of various financial institutions in PNG. This paper investigates the causes, consequences, and potential solutions to this problem. The study aims to identify the factors that cause the development of such a problem and contribute to it growing. Some of the most common factors involved include age, income, employment status, past repayment records, the reason for taking the loan, the amount borrowed, the terms of the loan agreement, the interest rate on the loan, and the level of education of the borrower. This paper addresses problems that arise as a result of high loan default rates in terms of losses for financial institutions and other lending organizations, lack of access to credit for low-income earners, and issues that are related to financial stability. The methodology implements logistic regression, random forest, and XGBoost models, which are all coded and simulated using RStudio. The research paper suggests practical solutions which include better screening of borrowers through predictive models, better credit monitoring, and financial literacy programs. In PNG, there is a need for all stakeholders involved to come up with a solution that addresses this issue. Other key areas discussed in this paper include credit risk management, which involves data analytics that aim to reduce the chances of loan defaults and improve portfolio performance, ensuring that financial services are available to all our people.
Keywords: Loan Default; XGBoost; Logistic Regression; Random Forest; feature importance
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World Natural Therapy Assets - A Comparative Analysis Report on the Distribution, Morphology, and Active Ingredients of the Global Chamaecyparis Genus (Cupraceae).
Kun-Yuan Hong, Forest Products Utilization Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture. No. 67, Sanyuan St., Zhongzheng Dist., Taiwan.
Yi-bin Fan, Forest Protection Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture. No. 67, Sanyuan St., Zhongzheng Dist., Taiwan.
Zhou-xuan Hong, Hengchun Research Center, Forestry Research Institute, No. 203, Gongyuan Road, Kenting Village, Hengchun Township, Pingtung County 946005, Taiwan.
Tzu-Hou Hong, National Chung Hsing University, Department of Agronomy, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan.
Hsin-Hui Wu, Forest Products Utilization Division, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture. No. 67, Sanyuan St., Zhongzheng Dist., Taiwan.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/20536493 | Page 01 to 18
Abstract
Chamaecyparis Genus As a group of cypress with great economic and ecological value, the taxonomic status and evolutionary history of Spach. have always been the focus of research in plant geography and phylogenetics. This genus was first formally described and named by the French botanist Édouard Spach in his book Histoire Naturelle des Végétaux in 1841 [1, 2]. The genus name ” Chamaecyparis” comes from the Greek words “chamai” (χαμαί, meaning “on the ground” or “short”) and “kuparissos” (κυπάρισσος, meaning ” cypress”), which largely reflects the initial impressions of some shrub-like horticultural varieties or juvenile forms of early observers. However, in natural primary forests, Cypress species are usually giant trees that can grow to 20 to 70 meters tall [3, 4, 5].
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NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THERMODYNAMIC GAS TRANSFER PROCESSES IN HIGH-PRESSURE COMPOSITE VESSELS
Florence Palin, School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea.
Raymond Kuna, School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea.
John Lanta, School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea.
Mohsen Aghaeiboorkheili, School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Papua New Guinea University of Technology, Lae, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/20524021 | Page 01 to 14
Abstract
This paper mainly presents the economic and technical limitations of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) transportation by ship, particularly the low ratio of gas mass to container weight and the inefficiencies in loading and unloading processes that impact the overall project feasibility. The system validated that CNG loading requires 35–51 hours and unloading 46–55 hours, depending on seasonal hold temperatures. The key objectives were to develop a simulation model to accurately assess process durations, determine the total mass of transported gas, and also calculate the power and energy requirements for high-pressure systems under various operating strategies, including a comparative analysis between methane and hydrogen.
With the development of a MATLAB-based process simulation model designed specifically on the GASVESSEL project, this greatly utilizes the Type III composite vessels.
Keywords: GASVESSEL Project; Thermodynamics; Composite Vessels; Compressed Natural Gas; CNG transportation.
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NASIR AL-DIN TUSI ON PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND LEGAL DOCTRINE
Kahraman Behbudov Ph. D, Associate Professor of Law Nakhchivan State University Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan.
Vahida Bayramova, Lecturer, Department of General Law Nakhchivan State University Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/20503975 | Page 01 to 14
Abstract
The article examines the political and legal views of the great 13th-century Azerbaijani thinker Nasir al-Din Tusi. It analyzes Tusi’s ideas concerning the origin of the state, principles of governance, the concept of justice, legality, the duties of the ruler, the social structure of society, and issues of foreign policy. It has been determined that Tusi regarded the state as a political union formed as a result of the mutual needs of human beings, while justice was considered the principal foundation of the state. He maintained that the ideal ruler should be wise, educated, and just, and identified the welfare of the people as the primary objective of state policy. Tusi also emphasized that war should serve only as a last resort, advocating instead the superiority of peace and diplomatic relations. The article concludes that the political and legal ideas of the author are consonant with the principles of modern statehood and international law.
Keywords: Muslim law, political-legal thought, Islam, feudalism, state, justice, thinker, public administration, ruler, punishment, head of state
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