Training Community Health Workers to Lead HIV Prevention Efforts: A Review

Abstract: Community Health Workers (CHWs) play a critical role in HIV prevention by delivering education, promoting testing, and supporting treatment adherence within communities. As trusted local figures, CHWs bridge the gap between healthcare systems and underserved populations, ensuring that HIV-related services reach those most in need. Effective training programs equip CHWs with the necessary knowledge, communication skills, and technical expertise to address misconceptions, reduce stigma, and advocate for HIV prevention strategies such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and safe practices. However, despite their significance, many CHWs face challenges related to inadequate training, resource limitations, and lack of institutional support. This review explores the importance of training CHWs to lead HIV prevention efforts, highlighting key competencies required for their success. These include foundational knowledge of HIV/AIDS, community engagement techniques, stigma reduction strategies, and linkage-to-care facilitation. Additionally, effective training must incorporate continuous professional development, the use of digital tools, and collaboration with healthcare providers to ensure a well-coordinated response. Addressing these aspects strengthens the impact of CHW-led initiatives and enhances their ability to serve as frontline advocates for HIV prevention.