Did a single god or a huge number of quanta, constitute nature and the world
İsmet Gedik, Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Geology, Trabzon.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/18605475 | Page 01 to 162
Abstract
Geological records and astrophysical data show that nature and our world have developed over a period of billions of years. Physics and chemistry show that the most basic particles of matter, called atoms, are forming higher levels like molecules and cells. Quantum physics experiments show that the factor that triggers and directs all these formations and developments is energy, being in the form quanta as the most basic elements of interactions and vitality. Dynamical–systems-physics show that these most basic elements of vitality, called quantum, are knowledgeable – conscious, interrelated with each other at the universal level and stimulate the capacity to create information. It turns out that there is a development system in nature starting from the lower levels towards the upper levels. In any organisation the higher level depends upon the lower level. In life, the individual is the lower-level, the state is the upper-level. If the rule of the natural system were valid, the state would have to be dependent on individuals. However, individuals are dependent on the state. This does not fit into the natural system at all. When the origin of such an application, which is completely contrary to the natural-system, is investigated, it is understood that there is a misconception that the creation in nature is carried out by a system of power at the top called God or natural-selector Such a mistake has divided humanity into many races and religions that are at war with each other.
Keywords: Geological records, genomes, quantum, exponential-information, paleontology, synergetic, archaeology, history, anthropology.
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Effects of an Inclined Conducting Obstacle on Magneto hydrodynamic Mixed Convection in a Heated Wavy Cavity
Augustine Ayanga Mayaka, Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Juja, Kenya.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/18593818 | Page 01 to 29
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of an inclined conducting obstacle on magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) natural and forced convection within a heated wavy cavity. A uniform magnetic field is applied in the horizontal direction, and the flow is assumed to be steady, laminar, and incompressible. The rectangular cavity has thermally insulated upper and lower walls to minimize heat losses. The left vertical wall is mechanically driven at a constant velocity and maintained at a uniform temperature Ti(20˚C), while the right vertical wall is heated and held at a higher temperature Th=1000C. A porous square conducting obstacle of length 10 cm is centrally placed within the cavity and inclined at an angle (where 30˚≤ ω≥60˚) relative to the horizontal axis. The cavity is filled with an electrically conducting fluid (seawater), with the Prandtl number varying between 2.08 and 7.83 depending on the fluid temperature. The governing two-dimensional partial differential equations are solved numerically using a finite difference method based on the central difference scheme, subject to appropriate boundary conditions. The numerical results are presented graphically, and a parametric analysis is performed to examine the influence of the inclination angle and key flow parameters on the velocity and temperature distributions. The outcomes of this study provide useful insights for the design and optimization of MHD propulsion systems.
Keywords: Magneto hydrodynamics (MHD); Mixed Convection; Inclined Conducting Obstacle; Wavy Cavity; Heat Transfer
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Cultural and Artisanal Clustering as a Catalyst for Urban Tourism: The RICATs Initiative in Redefining Dakar’s Tourism Identity and Revitalization
Papa Elimane FAYE, Ph. D, Department of Organisation Management, Section Tourisme, Iba Der Thiam University, of Thies, Senegal.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/18514945 | Page 01 to 20
Abstract
Dakar’s tourism sector remains largely dependent on coastal and seasonal tourism, limiting diversification and underutilizing the city’s cultural and artisanal assets. Fragmented governance, weak cross-sector coordination, and infrastructural constraints further hinder the development of a competitive urban tourism model. This study examines the RICATs (Rencontres Internationales de la Culture, de l’Artisanat et du Tourisme) initiative as a cluster-based approach integrating tourism, culture, and crafts within Dakar’s urban tourism ecosystem. Using a qualitative case study methodology, the research draws on 32 semi-structured interviews, participant observation conducted between 2020 and 2023, and analysis of policy and sectoral data. Findings indicate that the cluster approach enhances cross-sector collaboration, diversifies tourism experiences, and increases visitor engagement with cultural and artisanal products. However, governance fragmentation, infrastructural limitations, and uneven stakeholder participation remain significant barriers. The study argues that cultural density and intangible heritage can strengthen urban tourism competitiveness in Global South cities when supported by coherent institutional frameworks.
Keywords: Urban tourism development, Cultural and creative industries, Tourism clusters, Intangible cultural heritage, Artisanal economy, Destination governance, Dakar, Senegal.
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Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Enhanced Adolescent Rehabilitation in Nigeria: A Sociological Framework
Shajobi-Ibikunle, Gloria, Ph. D, Associate Professor of Criminal Law & Director, center for Security Studies, University of Abuja.
Godwin-Abdullahi, Doyinsola, MSc., Research Coordinator/Executive Director, Lady360Initiative.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/18513725 | Page 01 to 24
Abstract
The Nigerian adolescent rehabilitative landscape is characterized by systemic deficiencies. Its preoccupation with punitive measures and critical understaffing impedes the successful reintegration of young offenders. This study reviews how adolescent criminology and computational interventions intersect. Specifically, it examines the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in optimizing rehabilitative outcomes. Utilizing a doctrinal methodology, the research involves an analysis of existing legal frameworks, international best practices, and secondary literature to evaluate the viability of AI-driven automated supervision, diagnostic risk assessment, and remote education facilitation. The findings suggest that integrating AI can transform vocational training and behavioral correction. However, the study indicates a critical need for robust ethical governance to protect vulnerable groups from algorithmic bias. Consequently, the paper advocates for the formulation of rigorous regulatory frameworks designed to enhance institutional efficiency and mitigate recidivism rates. It concludes with strategic recommendations for the ethical deployment of these technologies to ensure a secure, rights-based rehabilitative environment.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Rehabilitation, Juvenile Justice, Adolescents
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Using Tai Chi and Qigong to Treat Back Pain: An Application of Artificial Intelligence to Traditional Chinese Medicine
Robert W. McGee, Fayetteville State University.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/18492168 | Page 01 to 16
Abstract
Tai Chi and Qigong are safe, effective, non-pharmacological interventions for chronic low back pain (CLBP). This comprehensive review, synthesized with the assistance of artificial intelligence, integrates evidence from 16 studies (randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and qualitative investigations) published between 2011 and 2025. Across diverse populations, including older adults, Tai Chi (Yang, Chen, and other styles) and Qigong consistently produced moderate-to-large reductions in pain intensity (pooled effect sizes ranging from SMD –0.64 to –1.75 and WMD –1.09 to –1.27 on 0–10 scales) and disability (SMD up to –1.96), together with improvements in physical function, quality of life, balance, gait, and psychological variables such as pain catastrophizing. Interventions lasting 6–36 weeks (typically 40–60 min sessions, 2–5 times/week, ≥30 total sessions preferred) showed the strongest and most sustained benefits, with very low rates of adverse events. Mechanisms appear multifactorial, involving enhanced neuromuscular coordination, core stability, proprioception, anti-inflammatory effects, stress reduction, mindfulness, and, from the traditional Chinese medicine perspective, improved circulation and cultivation of Qi. Despite limitations such as study heterogeneity, small sample sizes in some trials, and variable methodological quality, the overall body of evidence supports the clinical integration of Tai Chi and Qigong, either alone or as adjuncts to conventional care, into multidisciplinary management of chronic low back pain. Standardized protocols, longer-term follow-up studies, and direct head-to-head comparisons with other active exercises are recommended to further optimize prescription parameters.
Keywords: Tai Chi, Qigong, chronic low back pain, meta-analysis, randomized controlled trial, pain reduction, neuromuscular function, mind-body exercise, Qi cultivation, disability improvement
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DETERMINANTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION DISCLOSURES OF LISTED FIRMS IN NIGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT
Abel Oghenevwoke Ideh, Ph. D, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.
Justice O. Okei, Ph. D, Michael and Cecilia Ibru University, Agbarha Otor, Nigeria.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/18491654 | Page 01 to 18
Abstract
This study employed a quantitative approach to explore the determinants of environmental information disclosure of listed firms in Nigeria. The primary objective was to examine how various firm-specific attributes influence environmental information disclosure. The independent variables incorporated into the model were firm size, directors’’ independence, ownership structure, and profitability. Secondary data encompassing a ten-year period (2014-2023) was collected from listed service firms on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NXG). Descriptive statistics provided a foundational understanding of the data, while inferential statistical tools were employed to delve deeper into the relationships between variables. Random effect regression served as the primary hypothesis testing technique. The results revealed that firm size, directors’ independence and ownership structure have significant effect on environmental disclosure of listed firms in Nigeria. On the other hand, profitability exhibited negative insignificant effect on environmental information disclosure of listed firms in Nigeria. The study recommended that larger firms should prioritize robust environmental information disclosure practices. Strengthening directors’ independence through the appointment of qualified and environmentally conscious directors can further enhance transparency and accountability regarding environmental performance.
Keywords: Environmental Information Disclosure, Firm Size, Directors’ Independence, Ownership Structure, Profitability.
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ROBUST PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING CENSORED DATA IN CLINICAL TRIALS
Eric Boahen, Department of Statistics School of Mathematical Sciences University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Ghana.
MSI Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (MSIJMR) | DOI https://zenodo.org/records/18477494 | Page 01 to 12
Abstract
One of the difficult aspect in parameter estimation in survival analysis is the presence of censored values in survival data When patients survival time are measured in continuous time interval, the censored values continue to create discrepancies in estimations since the stochastics realization of censored values are masked. For this reason, appropriate distributions must be specified before maximum likelihood is used. An optimal approach that merges both censored values and uncensored values is appreciable since asymptotically distributions are not normal. Robust model and efficient algorithms developed to enhance optimal performance in estimation. Simulations show that the optimal robust model is maximized.
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